In a remarkable achievement, Darjeeling zoo’s conservation breeding program has led to it having the world’s largest number of snow leopards in captivity—14 in total, with 7 males and 7 females. This success story, recognized by the World Association for Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA), is a testament to the unique breeding program implemented at the Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park (PNHZP), popularly known as Darjeeling zoo.
The conservation breeding program, initiated in 1985, has been a gradual yet triumphant process. Over nearly four decades, the zoo has become a global leader in snow leopard conservation. The recent announcement by WAZA, acknowledging Darjeeling zoo’s accomplishment, highlights the program’s effectiveness.
Darjeeling zoo’s breeding program focuses on creating a natural environment for snow leopards and carefully pairing them for breeding. The use of a wide genetic pool is a key feature, ensuring that paired snow leopards are not closely related to prevent potential health issues in the cubs. The center has recorded significant achievements, including the birth of six healthy cubs from three mothers, marking a high point in the breeding program.
Zoo officials emphasize the importance of selecting genetically distant snow leopards for pairing, simulating their natural habitat within enclosures, and closely observing their compatibility. Before pairing, the leopards undergo courtship in adjoining enclosures, and only after compatibility is established are they placed together. Once a female leopard is pregnant, she is separated from others, placed under constant CCTV surveillance, and undergoes regular tests and monitoring. Darjeeling zoo’s breeding center adheres to the highest biosecurity protocols, including regular screening for parasites, deworming, and advanced veterinary care. The upgraded veterinary hospital equipped with modern facilities ensures the health and well-being of the snow leopards.
Since 2007, Darjeeling zoo has been the coordinating zoo for snow leopards in India. Snow leopards bred at Darjeeling zoo have been sent to various zoos across the country, contributing to global conservation efforts. The zoo’s commitment to biosecurity protocols and continuous improvement, guided by research funded by the Central Zoo Authority, has played a crucial role in its success.
Darjeeling zoo’s conservation breeding program stands as a beacon of success in snow leopard conservation. The global recognition from WAZA underscores the dedication and effectiveness of the program. The zoo’s commitment to genetic diversity, careful monitoring, and biosecurity protocols has positioned it as a leader in global snow leopard conservation.
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